Recent randomized phase III trials data presented at the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Meeting 2014, showed how patients with prostate cancer exhibit an increase in overall survival upon new treatment strategies. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is currently the treatment of choice for patients with prostate cancer, both for high-risk non-metastatic and metastatic prostate cancer. However, despite positive results, many men eventually exhibit disease again following ADT, a condition termed castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). The findings from three different phase III trials showed how the combination of ADT with other therapeutical agents resulted in significant increase in overall survival among these patients. Randomized CHAARTED study  Presented by Dr. Christopher Sweeney from the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA, the results showed that adding docetaxel to ADT significantly increased overall survival by 17 months (32.2 to 49.2 months) in untreated newly diagnosed, high-volume metastatic prostate cancer patients. Professor Giuseppe Curigliano from the European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy, commented in an ESMO press release, “The investigators demonstrated that patients with ‘high-volume,' castration-sensitive metabolic disease benefit from upfront docetaxel and it appears to confer a survival benefit that is superior to docetaxel given for metastatic castration-resistant disease. However, there is a need to develop better models to determine who ‘high-’ and ‘low-’ volume disease groups should include to avoid, for example, discrimination between a patient with several small lesions and one with a single large lesion.” Randomized COU-AA-302 study  Presented by Dr. Charles Ryan from the Univ